Focus groups require selfdisclosure of information by participants, but. Dec 04, 20 a focus group discussion is a structured discussion used to obtain indepth information qualitative data insight from a group of people about a particular topic. Focus group data can be used to collect information for many purposes, such as conducting a needs assessment or evaluating a program. This study describes how focal group discussion represented an.
It is for this reason that the political party development team produced from proposal to presentation. The goal of todays meeting is to understand if the internal communications and news you currently receive is effective, relevant and valuable to you. Filipino psychology focus group discussion group interview. Most of the teachers are graduated from the 12th grade and right now they have been assigned as teachers at the aforesaid high school. Two key features of the focus group come from the name. This paper uses the definition of focus group as a controlled group discussion, on the basis that the group interaction generated through discussion is.
The purpose of this risk communication and community engagement guide is to help you run a focus group discussion fgd with. This method serves to solicit participants attitudes and perceptions, knowledge and experiences, and. A qualitative framework for collecting and analyzing data in. The exchange of ideas takes place in a systematic and structured. Evaluating the efficacy of focus group discussion fgd in. Focus group discussion is suitable for indepth study of the particular opinions and reactions in targetaudience as well as research of new creative solutions. Congratulate and thank the participants on the success of the exercise. The group s composition and the group discussion should be carefully planned to create a nonthreatening environment, so that participants feel free to talk openly and give honest.
The moderator stimulates discussion with comments or subjects. Focus group discussion guide set 3 variables, questions. Research suggests that group discussion can cause participant attitudes to become more extreme, which could in turn result in greater unification of group opinions or polarize participants. In virtually every focus group discussion fgd, participants. Consent forms for focus group participants are completed in advance by all those seeking to participate.
Focus group discussions can be applied at any stage of the project or programme. It is a form of qualitative research where questions are asked about their perceptions attitudes, beliefs, opinion or. Focus group discussion guidelines focus group discussions, or fgds are a qualitative research method. Focus groups explicitly use group interaction as part of the method kitzinger 1995. The fundamental data produced by this technique are the transcrips of the group discussions and the moderators reflections and annotations.
A focus group discussion fgd is a qualitative research method and data collection technique in which a selected group of people discusses a given topic or issue indepth, facilitated by a professional, external moderator. I want this to be a group discussion, so feel free to respond to me and to other members in the group without waiting to be called on. Common in evaluation, communication and market research, they are a useful tool to assess the target audiences knowledge and attitudes towards the campaign issue, or towards the campaign materials and messages e. The moderator asks broad questions to elicit responses and generate discussion among.
On the other hand, there is the observation of naturally occurring groups, which typically do not involve the researcher in determining the topic of discussion. Focus group discussion a focus group discussion fgd is a good way to gather together people from similar backgrounds or experiences to discuss a specific topic of interest. There are only a few basic rules to keep in mind while participating today. The following is a modified excerpt from applied qualitative research design. A focus group discussion or fgd is a qualitative research method in the social sciences, with a particular emphasis and application in the developmental program evaluation sphere. Using a focus group discussion method, we collected data from 23 students. Focus group discussion diskusi kelompok terfokus sebagai. A moderator must be identified who is familiar and comfortable with the group process and one who can keep the participants on target. One person is the facilitator and the other is the note taker.
Homogeneity is most often sought in terms of occupation, social class, educational level, age, education, or family characteristics, and gender unless interaction across these groups is what is driving the study. The analysis sequence continues after the focus group with an immediate debriefing with the moderator and assistant moderator. The group discussion gives group members the opportunity to discover for themselves the importance of human rights values. Chapter 6 analyzing focus group results 141 participants, and that a short verbal summary at the conclusion of the discussion allows for verification. Fgds are a predetermined semistructured interview led by a skilled moderator.
Focus group discussion guide set 3 variables, questions and. A focus group discussion involves gathering people from similar backgrounds or experiences together to discuss a specific topic of interest. During an fgd, a researcher and assistant facilitates a discussion with a small group of people using predetermined questions. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. A qualitative framework for collecting and analyzing data. Regardless of mode inperson, telephone, or online, focus.
Abstract the efficacy of focus group discussion as a qualitative data collection methodology is put on the line by. Here the exchange of ideas, thoughts and feelings take place through oral communication. The general characteristics of the focus group are peoples involvement, a series of meetings, the. The aim is to gain insight into a groups attitudes, enablers and barriers to behaviour. Gd assesses the overall personality thoughts, feelings and behaviour of an individual in a group. Focus group discussion on immunization media campaign in order to maximize the contributions of parents toward solutions to the problem of underimmunization in children, participants were asked several questions relative to the plans of the cdph to embark on a campaign for immunization.
Below is a summary of the information in the consent form that focus group organizers and facilitators should use to make sure participants understand the information in the consent form. Focus group discussion overseas development institute. The group of participants is guided by a moderator or group facilitator who introduces topics for discussion and helps the group to. There are many potential focus group scenarios, for example women who are waiting to see their. Additionally, you may want to invite participants from roughly the same rank. In a brief time the moderator must create a thoughtful, permissive atmosphere, provide ground rules, and set the tone of the discussion. Thus, little is gained by excluding these categories of.
At the very least, you may want to make sure that graduate students and nontenured faculty parttime or fulltime are not in a focus group with senior faculty or administrators who may wield power over them. P2 the second participant in this focus group discussion said that in addition that the high school is located far from our village. A focus group discussion fgd is a good way to gather together people from. Conducting focus group discussions the purpose of focus group discussions is to gain knowledge about a particular topic or need by interviewing a group of people directly affected by the issue. The unit or department at the university of arizona is conducting a program assessment under the supervision of insert responsible party, director, etc. It is important to have a note taker to record the focus group feedback. I explained these procedures to you when we set up this meeting. Free and open discussion among the respondents results in generation of new ideas that can be very useful for decisionmaking.
Focus group participants should be characterized by homogeneity, but with sufficient variation to allow for contrasting opinions. However, i would appreciate it if only one person did talk at a time. The method allows you to see the respondents behaviour, attitudes and emotions. At this time, the moderator makes a quick check to ensure. The guide is designed to help ndi program staff in the field and in d. These characteristics are true to the flow of the discussion, but they may make it difficult for a reader to follow the text. It is used to learn more about opinions on a designated topic, and then to guide future action. How to conduct a successful focus group discussion atlan. A topic is presented to the group members for discussion. Focus group interviewing richard krueger 4 beginning the focus group discussion the first few moments in focus group discussion are critical. Focus group discussion conclusions blora district, central java november 2009 laura paler columbia university 1 main points there is a high demand for better government in blora, but ordinary citizens do not feel empowered to bring about change. This microsoft word document includes the following sections to complete with your market research team.
The following represent the questions and the ensuing. Focus group discussion guide for communities unicef. The focus group interview process involves a tremendous amount of planning prior to the facetoface contact with the group participants, but actually conducting the focus interviews is the key part of the process. Traditionally, focus group research is a way of collecting qualitative data, whichessentially involves engaging a small number of people in an informal group discussion or discussions, focused around a particular topic or set of issues wilkinson, 2004, p. A betweengroups design n 98 was used to examine the learning effects of feedback if provided to discussion groups, and to examine whether group. Thus, little is gained by excluding these categories of data collection because they already fall. Focus group discussion at chucchepati site, kathmandu facilitated by iom 29th july to 31st july, 2015 introduction six focus group discussions were held at chucchepati site over the course of three days with the objective of finding out the return intention of the site residents. Even after repeated emphasis on privacy, participants in fgd3 and fgd4 talked about security and not privacy. Focus groups should bring together 5 to 12 participants selected to represent the target audience, or specific segments thereof. Focus group discussion ppt focus group qualitative.
Invitations to participate in the focus groups were sent to 70 neighborhood, community and business stakeholders who are actively engaged in their neighborhoods in a leadership capacity. It is the manner of thoughts that happens when the desire for harmony in a decisionmaking group overshadows a pragmatic appraisal of alternatives. Fewer than six participants may limit the conversation and yield poor data while more than ten can be unwieldy. Definition of a focus group focus group discussions fgds are defined as semi structured group discussions, which yield qualitative data on the community level by facilitating interaction between participants. Based on classical grounded theory analysis, we found that peertopeer cooperative learning pcl has several advantages. Metode focus group discussion fgd merupakan pendekatan yang umum digunakan untuk mengumpulkan datainformasi pada penelitian kualitatif, tidak terkecuali penelitian keperawatan yang saat ini semakin populer menggunakan metode fgd sebagai metode pengumpulan data. A focus group is a small group discussion guided by a trained leader. Focus group discussion relies on facilitators or moderators to guide the group s discussion berg, 1989. Heong the focus group discussion fgd is a rapid assessment, semi. Focus group discussion ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Focus group discussions are facilitated discussions, held with a small group of people who have specialist knowledge or interest in a particular topic. Focus group discussion summary sfmta held two focus group meetings on october 4th and 5th, 2016. We created the focus group report template to help you communicate the findings of a focus group quickly and efficiently. It is a systematic and purposeful interactive oral process.
Insights from two decades of application in conservation article pdf available in methods in ecology and evolution 99. Learn english with lets talk free english lessons recommended for you. The research is focused, and the format is a group. The advantages of focus group discussion are as follows. On the other hand, in research situations that are time 110 focus groups 07stewart5002. Determine how many participants you want in each group. Potential impact of groupthink on the outcome of focus group discussion groupthink is a psychological observable fact that occurs within groups of people.
The groups composition and the group discussion should be carefully planned to create a nonthreatening environment, so that participants feel free to talk openly and give honest. A focus group is a smallgroup discussion guided by a trained leader. The purpose of the study is to examine insert topic of study. Group discussion is an important activity in academic, business and administrative spheres. Each focus group should have between six and ten participants. Wherever possible, there should be a focus group team. Focus group discussion guide set 3 variables, questions and summary tables for resource threats, perceptions on. This paper uses the definition of focus group as a controlled group discussion, on the basis that the group interaction generated through discussion is of prior importance to this methodology. Focus group discussion guide university of washington.
Some editing may increase readability, but it is important that the character of the respondentscomments be maintained, even if at times they use poor grammar or appear to be confused. Evaluating the efficacy of focus group discussion fgd in qualitative social research william boateng, phd department of sociology university of saskatchewan 1019 9 campus drive, saskatoon sk. The moderator can bring any changes in order to better facilitate the discussion during the group discussion. They are used to find out the perceptions and attitudes of a defined group of people. A focus group discussion is a structured discussion used to obtain indepth information qualitative data insight from a group of people about a particular topic. The aim is to create conditions that promote both comfort and independence of thought, in order to maximise discussion and selfdisclosure ibid. It is a form of qualitative research where questions are asked about their perceptions attitudes, beliefs, opinion or ideas. Focus group discussion at chucchepati site, kathmandu facilitated by iom 29th july to 31st july, 2015 introduction six focus group discussions were held at chucchepati site over the course of three days with the objective of finding out the return intention of. It can negatively impact the discussion if the facilitator is stopping to write things down.
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